Open hearth heater



July 30, 1935. w, E. .IAQLJm-l ET A1.y 2,009,642

OPEN HEARTH HEATER Filed March 24, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l l BY Mw fwww ATTDRNEYE 'July 30, 1935. w. E. .JAQum-l- OPEN HEARTH HEATER Filed March 24, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 NYENTDR BY y AITEIRNEYE Patented July 30, 1935 TH HEATER wilma E. .raquitn and Herbert streuen,

Syracuse, NNY

sppuwian Maren ze, 1933, smal Nc. 662,508 s claims. im. 1264-121) This invention relates to an all metal nre place imm in which all of the elements necessary for combustion, heating and ventilation are corn' bined in a single unit capable of being easily and quickly installed ready for use with or Without many-instances introduces va serious re hazard due to the necessarily large number of pieces and cement joints of widely varying re and smoke resisting materials entering into auch construction and also to the fact that the forms for different masonry re places are seldom standarolized.

Tile main object oi the present invention is to provide an all-metal open hearth heater comprising essentially a one-piece're place unit, a orie-s piece jacket unit, and a dome unit, each unit being 2- preormed to a standard size and shape preeraloly from s. single piece of sheet metal te reduce the liability or" leaky joints so that the re place unit may be used sione where extreme economy of installation is required and to which may be easily and quickly added tiiedome unit if required for directing the products of combustion to a chimney oristher iiue or, in order to further utilize the heat of the fire place unit for air heating and ventilating purposes, the jacket unit may be easily and 3g quickly applied to said dre place unit to complete tire open hearth hee-ter ss an improvement over the patents to Walters No. Liiiile, 2i, 192s and No. illness, July 2s, 21.936, in that the units are made and carried in steek as separate articles of manufacture and may be easiiy and quicriy assembled on 'sliort notice according to the demands of tire purchaser.

Another object is to enable the re piace unit the oti'ier units assembled tirererrii-in to be V embodying the various features of my invention.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, taken on line 2 3, Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view 5 taken on line i-i, Figure 2. Y

Figure 5 is an enlarged horizontal sectional View taken on line 5 5, Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional View taken on line 6 6, Figure 4.

Figure 7 is 'a perspective view of the nre box unit.

Figure 8 is a perspective View of the jacket or casing unit.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the dome unit. R5 Figure l0 is a face view or a sheet metal blank for forming the re box unit shown inFigure '7'.

Figure 1i. is a iace View of a sheet metal blank for forming the jacket or casing unit shown .in

Figure 8. l

Figure i2 is a iace Viewr of a sheet metal blank for forming the dome unit shown in Figure 9.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I have shown a one-piece fire box unit i, e. one-piece jacket or casing unit as E and a one-piece dome unit 3 together with e. top plate i for the Aiiire box unit i, each of said units being standardized as to form and size and made separately from the other units.

The nre box unit l is substantially U-sliaped horizontally from front to rear and comprises a lower substantially rectangular back portion E, opposite side portions or wings 6 dir/erging forerardly from opposite ends of the back portion 5 and extending upwardly some distance above the upper, edge thereof and an upper back portion l inclined upwardly and forwardly from the upper edge of the lower baci: portion The lower edges of the baci; portion 3 and side Wings 6 are disposed'in the saine horizontal plane while the iront edges of the wings are disposed the same verticai piane at right ongles to the plane of the lower edges of the ire box, une upper edges of the wings being disposed in a horisontal piane parallel with that of the lower edges.

The upper rear edges of the Wings above t'iie upper edge 'of the lower bacia portion 5 are in. clined upwardly ,andv forwardly at it and are, therefore, disposed at an angle to the plane oi the lower back portion 5 which is parallel with the front edges of the Wings so that the upper oi the Wings are considerably narrower from front to rear than the lower edges, for e. purpose hereinafter described.

The upper caes portieri 'i and upper rear edges te 8 of the side wings 6 are disposed in about the same upwardly and forwardly inclined plane, Vthe opposite end edges of the upper back portion 'I being inclined upwardly and outwardly at 9 to conform to the angle of divergence of the Wings 6 relatively to the lower back portion 5 to form close tting joints therewith.

That is, the' opposite end edges of the upper inclined back portion 'I are ared upwardly and outwardly to conform to the angle of divergence of the side wings relatively` to the lower back portion 5 so as to abut against the inner faces of the side wings whereby bthe rear face of the upper back portion 1 will be disposed in substantially the same plane as th`e inclined upper rear edges 8 of the side wings.

The upper front edge of the upper back portion 'l is straight and parallel with the upper edge of the lower back portion 5 and is disposed in a horizontal plane below that of the upper edges of the side wings approximately equal vto the thickness of the metal plate 4, Figures 3, 4 and 6,

to enable said plate to rest thereon with its upper face in substantially the same plane as the upper edges of the side wings, for a purpose hereinafter described.

As illustrated, the vertical height of the lower back portion 5 is somewhat less Ithan half that of the side wings 6 but these relative heights may be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It will be noted, however, upon reference to Figure 10 that the combined vertical widths of the lower portion 5 and upper portion I is somewhat greater than that of the side wings 6 due to the fact that when theupper back portion I is inclined forwardly between the side wings its upper edge must be only slightly below that of the upperedges of said side wings as previously described.

In Figure 10 is shown a sheet metal blank for Yforming the re box unit I in which the lower edge is substantially straight while the opposite end edges are also straight and disposed at right angles to the lower edge.

This blank is provided with longitudinally spaced V-shaped cut-outs I equal distances from the opposite ends and from the transverse center and extending downwardly from the up per edge thereof to slightly more thanlialf its vertical height or to the horizontal plne of the upper edge of the lower back'portion 5, indicated by dotted lines a. A

That is, the lower ends of the cut-outs I0 terminate in a direct line indicated at a parallel with the lower edge of the blank, the upper back portion 'l being bent forwardly along said dotted lines as represented in Figure '7.

'Ihe outer and inner walls of each cutfout I0 diverge upwardly to form respectively the upper rear inclined edges I of the side wings 6 and the oppomte end edges of the upper back portion 1, the vertical angles of the edges 8 being somewhat greater than that of the edges 9 which, in turn, are of slightly less vertical length than the corresponding edges 8 and, therefore, the normal verti- ,cal height of the central portion I of the blank is Slightly greater than that'of the opposite ends of the blanks.

It will be noted that the upper edges of the portion 1 between the cut-outs I0 and also the upper edges of the opposite ends of the blank are straight and parallel or rather disposed in parallel-planes.

The opposite ends of the blank are of the same form and area and are adapted to be bent forwardly along the vertical dotted lines b coincident with the apexes of the eut-outs I 0 to form the forwardly diverging side wings of the iire box unit I while the portion of the blank between the cut-outs I0 form the back portions 5 and 'I.

When the iire box unit I is formed in the manner described, it may be used independently of any masonry or other casing or as a form around which masonry maybe built if desired and in either case the re chamber will be formed by the back walls 5 and 1 and the side wings 6 for conining the re and directing the products of combustion through the smoke outlet in front of the plate 4. 4

If the metal re box unit I is to be used independently of any casing, the space in front of the upper edge of the upperl back portion 'I between the upper edges of the side wings 6 may be connected in any suitable manner to a smoke ilue with the assurance that the products of combustion generated within the ,iire box will be conducted upwardly and outwardly through the ue by the draft in said flue, thus permitting the heat resulting from such combustion to be radiated 'from all sides of the re box unit into the room in which it is located.

It will thus be seen that this fire box unit may be made and sold at an extremely low cost to be used with any suitable hood or dome for conductingthe products of combustion to a smoke ilue with the assurance of a maximum amount of radiation of the heat into the room in which it is located.

If desired, the plate 4 may be placed in operative position upon the top of the fire box to extend rearwardlyv from the upper front edge of the upper back section l, in which case it would be possible to use the dome unit shown in Figure 9, thus providing an exit for the products of combustion to a suitable smoke ue as will be hereinafter more fully explained, in which case the plate 4 serves as a bafiie to prevent downdraft from the chimney into the ire chamber aided by a suitable damper, presently described.

The jacket unit shown in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, but more clearly in Figures 8 and 11, may be site side portions IZ which are also substantially rectangular and'div'erge forwardly from opposite ends of the back portion II, and have inturned' Vshown more clearly in Figures 8 and 11.

Aside from the openings I4, the lower edges portions I3 are disposed in the same horizontal plane while the upper edges of the same parts are also disposed in a plane parallel with the lower edges, the height of the jacket being substantially equal tothe heightof the fire box unit I.

It will be observed, however, upon reference to Figures 1, 5 and 6, that the back portion II is of somewhat greater length than the fire box unit I and that the side portions or wings I2 are also of greater depth from front to rear thanthe re box unitso that when placed around the fire box unit the back and side walls of the jacket will be of the back portion II, side Wings I2 and front in uniformly spaced relation to forming-the outer jacket or casing 2 in which the junctions of the side members I2 with the' back portion II are indicated by dotted lines c, while the junctions between the side members I2 and front members I3 are indicated by dotted lines d, it being understood that the blank may be bent along said dotted lines to form the central rectangular portion III, side wings I2 and front members I3.

When the jacket unit .2 is used in connection with the re box unit I, it is evident that the distance between the upper edges of the upper back portion l of the re box unit and upper portion of the back of the jacket unit 2 will be considerably greater than the distance between the lower portions ofthe same parts.

It will be noted upon reference to Figures 3, 4 and 6 that the top plate is of sufficient area to extend to and between the side wings I2 of the jacket 2 and from the front edge ofithe upper back portion 'i' of the iire box to the back wall il of the jacket so that if the jacket unit is used in connection with the re box unit, as shown more clearly in Figures and 6, the top plate i would be placed in operative position to rest upon the upper edges of the re box unit as shown in Figure 6, thereby leavingvan open space between the front edge of the plate and front weils of the nre box unit and jacket unit, which space may be connected by any suitable hood`-k to a smoke hue for 'permitting the escape of the vproducts of combustion from the re box unit to the exterior of the building in which the heater is located.

Under these conditions, the air entering the chamber through the openings i4 would be coniined within said chamber and thereby heated, the portions of the chamber i5 in iront of the plate i4 being open at the top at I5 to permit the escape of the heated air from said chamber into the room in which the heater is located.

Suitable bao plates it are placed within the opposite branches of the chamber I5 between the wings S of the re box unit and adjacent wings t2 or' the jacket unit to extend from the front walls of said branch chambers rearward-ly to apw. prommately the vertical plane of Athe lower back portions Ei of the nre box unit just above the upper walls of the air inlet openings ifi, as shown more clearly in Figures 3 and 6.

The purpose or" these haine plates is to cause the inowing air through the openings it to pass rearwardly around the lower portion of the nre box unit to expand into the overlying portions or" the chamber i5 above the bae plates where the heated air is free to pass out through the upper openings it into the room in which the heater vis located, see .Figures l, 3 and 6.

The dome unit preferably consists of a onepiecehollow metal pyramid having its lower end adaptedv to rest upon the upper edges oi the rire unit and jacket unit and its upper end reduced and substantially rectangular to form an exit :for the products of combustion adaptedto be connected to -any suitable nue leading to the exterior of the building. I y

.as illustrated, this dome unit comprises an upwardly tapered back portion I1, an upwardly tapered and rearwardly inclined front portion I8 and opposite similar side portions I9 and 20 which are also tapered upwardly and inclined inwardly from their lower edges so that the upper ends of the back portions I1 and I8 and side portions I 9 and 20 form a substantially-rectangular exit opening which is, therefore, disposed midway between the opposite sides of the dome unit and some distance to the rear of the vertical center of the base of said unit, as shown more clearly in Figures 1, 4 and 9.

The lower edge of the front portion I8 of the dome unit is of substantially the same width as `the :front portion of the Ilire box unit and, therefore, corresponds approximately to the distance between' the inner edges of the front walls I3 of the jacket unit 2.

The lower edges of the side walls of the same unit converge rearwardly from the opposite sides of the lower end of the front portion I8 at an angle corresponding to the angle of convergence of the opposite side walls G of the ire box unit i and'extend from the front walls I3 of the jacket 2 to the back walls thereof, Figure 1.

The dome unit 3 forms an upwardly tapered smoke vchamber which is connected through a .restricted passage with the fire chamber at the front of the plate Ii and terminates at the top in When the dome unit is placed in operative position upon the `fire box unit and Ijacket unit, the lower edges of its opposite sides will be parallel with the opposite sides 6 of the re box unit I and also parallel with the opposite sides` I2 of the jacket unit 2, as shown more clearly in Figure l, thus bringing therear wall II in the same vertical plane as the rear wall II of the jacket unit 2, as shown more clearly in Figuresf 1, 3 and 4.

l Under this construction, the lower edges of the side walls it will be coincident with the upper edges of the side walls 6 of the re box unit.

In order that the side walls of the dome unit may conform to the rectangular top and to the rearwardly converging sides of the bottom, the portions i t and 2t of each side are disposed at an angle to each other in which the angles extend from the upper front corners of the rectangular portion of the top downwardly and rearwardly to the lower rear corners of the bottom portion of the unit, as shown more clearly in Figure l.

The front wail it is provided with a pendant extension 2i? projecting downwardly a relatively short distance between the upper portions of the sidewalls b as shown more clearly in Figures 2, 4 and Q, thus forming the front wall of an exit opening 2Q in the top of the re box unit through which the products of combustion may escape into the dome across the front edge of the top plate When the top plate i and dome unit are used in connection with the ire box unit i the draft and products of combustion escaping through .opening 2li may be controlled by a damper 25 having its lower end seated in a grooved member 2 on the plate l near and parallel with the front edge thereof and its upper end movable into and out of engagement with a stop shoulder El on the inner face of the front wall I of the dome unit, as shown more clearly in Figure 4.

The damper is provided with a suitable operating member 2t, the lmver!S end of which is accessible through the open front of the re box unit and is adapted to be held in place by a gravity detent 29. Y

'Ihe detent is' preferably pivoted at 30 to the front face of the back wall 1 of the re box unit I to extend forwardly therefrom and has its lower edge serrated or corrugated to engage a shoulder 3l on the operating member 28, as shown in Figure 4.

'I'he damper operating means, however, maybe of any suitable construction, it being understood that the damper 25 will extend practically the full distance between the opposite side walls I9 of the dome unit with just suflicient clearance at the ends to permit it to be operated without friction. The dome unit is preferably made of a single sheet metal blank shown in Figure l2, said blank being substantially Y-shaped in plane in that it consists of the main central body forming the front wall I8 and outwardly diverging wings forming the side portions I9 and 20 and the back wall I1, the main body being shown as provided with Y the apron extension 22.

The various corners or angles of the dome unit are indicated in the blank, Figure l2, by dotted lines and although I have shown the blank as substantially Y-shaped in which the end edges of the opposite arms are adapted to meet in substantially the vertical center of the back portion I'l as the only joint in the walls of the ddme unit, it is evident that the same unit may be made in one piece by other modications of the blank without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Operation As previously stated, the fire box unit I may be used independently of the other units with or without a masonry casing in which case any suitable smoke conduit'could be connected to the opening 24-and to a chimney or other iiue to Aconduct the products of combustion to the exterior Yof the building, thus aifording a comparatively n unit 3, the latter may be placed in operative position upon the top of the units I and 2 and plate I to enable the products of combustion to pass from the re box unit I upwardly through the opening 24 and thence into the dome 3 to be discharged therefrom through the outlet 2l into a suitable flue leading to the exterior of the building.

At the same time the heated air in'the chamber I will be' conducted outwardly through the outlets I5' to the room in which the open hearth heater is installed,-the smoke exit 24 being controlled by the damper 25.

When the three units are assembled in the manner described, the inner edges of the flanges A of the top plate I may be welded or otherwise secured to the upper edges of the side wings 6 and also to'the upper edges oi: the Ajacket unit 2.

'I'helowerendofthedomeunit3mayalsobe welded or otherwise secured to the top of the fire box unit I and jacket unit 2, to form air-tight joints therewith.

When the fire box I, jacket 2, dome 3 and plate 4 are constructed and assembled in the manner shown and described, they produce a complete allheating and Ventilating eiiicieney without liability of leakage' of fire, smoke or gas.

0r, if desired, the same unit may be used as a form around which masonry or other material may be constructed for decorative or utility purposes without in any way its heating and Ventilating eiiiciency, thereby eliminating the necessity for extra forms, greatly reducing the cost of installation, and assuring a safer and more uniform construction of masonry than has heretofore been practised.

l It is evident, however, that various changes may be made in the details of the construction without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A smoke' dome for fireplace constructions,

comprising a unitary metallic structure including upwardly and inwardly inclined front and side walls and a vertically disposed rear wall, said side walls being each composed of two substantially triangular portions disposed at an angle to each other, one of said triangularportions having its base extending from the lower corner of the front wall to the lower corner of the rear wall and converging rearwardly, the apex of said triangular portion being disposed at the upper corner of the front wall, the other of said triangular portions having its apex disposed at the-juncture of the lower rear corner of the aforementioned triangular portion and the rear wall, the base of said other triangular portion extending rearwardly from the apex of the aforementioned triangular portion to the rear wall, the upper edges of the front, rear and side walls defining a substantially rectangular smoke exit opening disposed midway between the opposite sides of the dome and towards the rear of the dome. Y I

2. l.A smoke dome for fireplace constructions, comprising a unitary metallic structure including upwardly and inwardly inclined front and side walls and a vertically disposed rear wall, said side walls being each composed of two substantially triangular portions disposed at an angle to each other, one of said triangular portions having its base extending from the lower comer of the frontv wall to the lower corner of the rear wall and converging rearwardly, the'apex of said triangular portion being disposed at the upper corner of the front wall, the other of said triangular portions having its apex disposed at the juncture of the lower rear corner of the aforementioned triangular portion and the rear wall, the base of said other lar smoke exit opening disposed midway between i the opposite sides of the dome and towards the rear of the dome, and an apron dependingfrom the lower edge of the front wall, the lower edge of the apron being substantially horizontal adjacent its ends and of arcuate form intermediate the horizontal portions.

3. An open hearth replace comprising a unitary metallic structure including a fire box comprising inner, back and forwardly diverging side CII Walls and spaced parallel 'jacket walls forming an air heating chamber, a top plate extending across the top of the fire box and over the heating chamber except at the forward part of the side portions thereof, whereby to form air outlets at said latter portions, and a dome section, the bottom of which coincides with the inner side Walls of the fire box, said dome including upwardly and inwardly inclined front and side walls and a vertically disposed rear wall, said side walls being each composed of two substantially triangular portions disposed at an angle to each other, one of said triangular portions having its base extending from the lower corner of the front wall to the lower corner of the rear Wall, the apex of said triangular portion being disposed at the upper corner of the front Wall, the other of said triangular portions having its apex disposed at the juncture of the lower rear corner of the aforementioned triangular portions and the rear wall, the base of said other triangular portion extending rearwardly from the apex of the aforementioned triangular portion to the rear wall, the upper edges of the front, rear and side Walls of said dome dening a substantially rectangular smoke exit disposed approximately midway between the opposite sides of the dome and towardsthe rear of the dome.

4. An open hearth replace' substantially as set forth in claim 3 in which the front wall of the dome is provided with a depending apron forming a throat for directing the products of combustion from the nre box to the dome and serving tolimt the size of the front opening of the replace. l

WILLARD E. JAQUI'IH. HERBERT H. W ALTERS. 

